Journal of Pathobiology Reaearch
Volume:22 Issue: 1, 2019

  Nowadays, people are exposed at large quantities of magnetic field due to industrialization of the environment; therefore, studying the effect of these fields on human health is very important. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic field on the quantity and structure of hemoglobin of employees in electricity industry. The present experimental study was carried out in the employees of a power generation plant in Tehran in 2017. Using total population sampling method, 29 employees of exploitation department were selected as exposed group and 29 employees of administrative and support department were selected as unexposed group. The magnetic field intensity of the power generation plant was studied by NIOSH 203 method. Blood samples were collected from two groups of people; hemoglobin concentration in blood samples were evaluated by spectrophotometer and changes in hemoglobin structure were analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The data were analyzed by SPSS 16, using the Mann-Whitney U test. The mean of hemoglobin concentration in the exposed group (15.67±1.42) was significantly different from that of the unexposed group (17.31±3.03), so that the hemoglobin level of the exploitation department staff was lower than that of the administrative and support staff (p<0.0001). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy showed significant changes in the 1413 and 11430cm-1 between the exposed and unexposed groups. Contact with extremely low frequency of magnetic field causes changes in hemoglobin quantity and its molecular structure in employees in electricity industry.

 

New vaccines based on recombinant and DNA proteins are safer than traditional vaccines, but unfortunately, they have lower Therefore, there is a need for the development of safe and strong that can increase the immune PLGA), ester, consists of acidic and lactic acid. Its hydrolysis leads to the production of lactic acid and glycolic acid monomers. The aim of this study was to compare humoral and cell mediated immune response to coated PLGA in mice.

In this experimental study, PLGA nanoparticles were produced by water/oil (W/O) method. Tetanus toxin attached to by EDC. After coated characterization, they were injected into different groups of mice. The complete and Alum as After a single injection, the of was investigated by ELISA and cellular analyzed by spleen cell proliferation assay. One-way analysis of variance was used.

PLGA nanoparticles had a strong effect, and when used with antigens, could produce cellular and humoral immune response far more powerful than alum and than Freund’s adjuvant.

Glycolic polyester, in the form of conjugation with an antigen, can be used to increase the immune response, especially in the cellular immune arm, relative to the antigenic solution. Although PLGA seems not so successful to the humoral immune stimulus against in comparison to the full of it can be a significant competitor with

  The correlation between high levels of blood lipid with the induction of some diseases indicates significant effects of hyperlipidemia and especially on the immune system, inflammatory response, and secretion of cytokines. This is due to changes in the composition of cholesterol in the cell membrane and macrophage cytoplasm, which disrupts the signaling pathway necessary for the innate immune response. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of on phenotype properties of T cells and the expression of its associated activation markers. In the present experimental study 3ml of peripheral blood samples were collected from 30 patients and 30 healthy subjects. The distribution of activation markers was evaluated by Immunophenotyping with anti-CD4, CD8, CD25, and CD69 antibodies. was used and output data were analyzed using Flow Jo 10 and SPSS 16 software. Evaluation of the activation markers located T cells of patients with showed a significant decline by 0.8% and 2% in the expression of CD25 marker and 1.92% and 2.12% in the expression of CD69 marker on CD8+ CD4+ T cells, respectively (p<0.05). The changes in the phenotype properties of T cells and the decreased expression of activation markers in high-level cholesterol conditions might weaken the immune system in hyperlipidemia patients.

  Glioblastoma multiforme is a type of brain cancers that do not respond well to treatment. The poor prognosis of this disease is due to the presence of radiation resistance and chemotherapy. The purpose of the present study was to produce miR-579 precursor carriers and investigate the effect of increased expression of miR-579 on the expression of BAX and CDKN1A genes in the glioblastoma cell line. In this experimental study, in order to produce recombinant lentiviral vectors, a gene containing the miR-579 precursor sequence was cloned into the plasmid. The recombinant structure was transmitted to the cells of HEK293T with and pMD2 plasmids. Viral particles were concentrated using Ultra Centrifuge. Viral titration was calculated by flow cytometry. The viral particles produced were transferred to the A-172 cell line. Finally, by using Real-Time PCR, changes in expression levels of miR-579 and BAX and CDKN1A genes were investigated. The presence of miR-579 gene precursor in the plasmid was confirmed by colony PCR and sequencing methods. The study showed that the level of miR-579 expression in infected cells with the recombinant virus was found to be up-regulated compared to the control group. miR-579 increased the BAX gene expression by three times. But, there was no significant change in the expression of CDKN1A gene expression. Increased expression of miR-579 in the A-172 cell line could increase the expression of BAX gene. However, the CDKN1A gene expression does not change significantly.

  It is assumed that ketone derived from tobacco (NNK) which is the most important carcinogen in tobacco modulates alveolar macrophage mediator production, such as anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of a Nigella sativa on tissue pathology and IL-10 levels in lung tissues exposed to NNK In this experimental study, 46 Wistar rats of supplement, supplement+NNK, NNK, solvent and control. NNK-induced groups received NNK subcutaneously one day per week at a rate of 12.5 mg per kg body weight. Supplemented groups also consumed Nigella sativa Nanocapsules for 12 weeks. Levels of IL-10 in homogenized lung tissue were measured by ELISA. To analyze the data; ANOVA and Tukey test were used at a significance level of p≤005. Exposure to NNK increased levels of IL-10 compared with the solvent group, although not statistically significant (p≥005). Meanwhile, a period of consumption of Nigella sativa Nanocapsules significantly increased levels of IL-10 in NNK + supplement and the supplement groups compared to NNK group (p=0.038, p=0.002; respectively). In addition, the effect of Nigella sativa Nanocapsules on IL-10 levels of lung tissue was shown that the levels of this variable were significantly higher than the solvent group (p=0.001). Generally it could be confirmed that consumption of Nigella sativa Nanocapsules plays an important role in the inhibition of inflammation induced by NNK via Increase of IL-10 activity. It is assumed that ketone derived from tobacco (NNK) which is the most important carcinogen in tobacco modulates alveolar macrophage mediator production, such as anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of a Nigella sativa on tissue pathology and IL-10 levels in lung tissues exposed to NNK In this experimental study, 46 Wistar rats of supplement, supplement+NNK, NNK, solvent and control. NNK-induced groups received NNK subcutaneously one day per week at a rate of 12.5 mg per kg body weight. Supplemented groups also consumed Nigella sativa Nanocapsules for 12 weeks. Levels of IL-10 in homogenized lung tissue were measured by ELISA. To analyze the data; ANOVA and Tukey test were used at a significance level of p≤005. Exposure to NNK increased levels of IL-10 compared with the solvent group, although not statistically significant (p≥005). Meanwhile, a period of consumption of Nigella sativa Nanocapsules significantly increased levels of IL-10 in NNK + supplement and the supplement groups compared to NNK group (p=0.038, p=0.002; respectively). In addition, the effect of Nigella sativa Nanocapsules on IL-10 levels of lung tissue was shown that the levels of this variable were significantly higher than the solvent group (p=0.001). Generally it could be confirmed that consumption of Nigella sativa Nanocapsules plays an important role in the inhibition of inflammation induced by NNK via Increase of IL-10 activity.

Due to increase of infertile couples, potential differentiation and proliferation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and bone marrow stem cells (BM-MSCs) was compared to find proper stem cells for differentiation into germ-like cells. In this experimental study, isolated umbilical cord and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were treated by Retinoic acid (10-6M) and Sertoli cells condition medium. Viability percentage and the rate of proliferation (population doubling time) of cells was calculated in both groups. The number of colonies was evaluated in different days of culture, and finally the expression of and meiotic genes investigated by RT-PCR. The viability percentage was higher in BM-MSCs group and the rate of proliferation of cells increased by elevating the passage number. The number of colonies in the bone marrow stem cells was significantly higher than that of the umbilical cord MSCs (p<0.05). In contrast, the expression of PLZF, OCT4 and SCP3 genes were detected in umbilical cord MSCs after 10 days of culture. However, in BM-MSC, the expression of PLZF and SCP3 genes was observed only after 15 days of culture. It seems that the human umbilical MSCs higher differentiation potential for producing germ-like cells when compared to the Bone marrow stem cells. In contrast, the proliferation potential of BM-MSCs is greater than umbilical cord MSCs. This difference is probably due to secreted growth factors from these cells.

Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are the specialized cells that are created from epiblast cells and after the migration differentiate into spermatogonial cells. Also, Spermatogonial cells differentiate into spermatids during the spermatogenesis process. Created disorders in each of these stages cause infertility, so the recognizing of the mechanism of these cells from the early stages of formation to the differentiation and investigating the effective factors in differentiation can be useful in the treatment of the infertile people. Today, the cultivation of spermatogonial cells and transplantation of these cells can be effective in the investigation of spermatogonial stem cell and the treatment of infertility. In this paper, the formation and migration of primordial germ cells, the spermatogenesis process and the effective factors in differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells are investigated.